ll. Quantitative disorders of neutrophils are frequently encountered in clinical practice but seldom present a diagnostic problem. More antibody needed to cause thrombocytopenia in asplenic subject. Qualitative Disorders of Platelet. 27 Indications (off-label) Platelet Disorders Thrombocytopenia: The number of platelets is reduced. P/E shown. introduction qualitative forecasting methods quantitative forecasting models, QUANTITATIVE PALAEOECOLOGY - . lecture 4. quantitative environmental reconstructions bio-351. Detailed studies have shown that in this kind of disease, there is a deficit of one gl… CAUSES: 1. MOST COMMON CAUSE OF ABNORMAL BLEEDING AND GENERALLY ATTTRIBUTED TO THE FF. Quantitative and qualitative platelet disorders Prof. Dr. Sami Kartı. The body either doesn’t make enough platelets; or the body does make enough platelets, but they are removed too rapidly. Most laboratories define thrombocytopenia as being a platelet count of less than 150×10 9 /l. Platelet disorders can involve either a decreased number of platelets (thrombocytopenia) or defective platelet function. COAGULATION PHASE 4. 15% of responders relapse. demand forecasting. • Platelet alpha or delta granule defects or release defects, Acquired qualitative disorders of platelet • Hematologic diseases • Myeloproliferative disorders • Acute leukemias • Myelodysplastic syndromes • Dysproteinemias • Multiple myeloma • Waldenström macroglobulinemia • Acquired von Willebrand disease • Drugs • Aspirin • NSAIDs • Antibiotics, Systemic Disorders Associated with Abnormal Platelet Function • Uremia • Anemia • Toxic metabolites • Cardiopulmonary bypass, © 2021 SlideServe | Powered By DigitalOfficePro, Quantitative and qualitative platelet disorders, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - E N D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. basic science what are they? This interaction is crucial for the adhesion of platelets to subendothelial surfaces, especially under high shear conditions, where von Willebrand factor acts as a bridge between the subendothelial matrix and the platelet. Inherited qualitative disorders of platelet • Glanzmann thrombasthenia is characterized by severely reduced or absent platelet aggregation in response to multiple physiologic agonists because of qualitative or quantitative abnormalities of platelet glycoprotein IIb (GPIIb; CD 41) and/or 3 (GPIIIa; CD61). qualitative research analysis methods validity and. They are most commonly acquired, but can be inherited. A value of >400,000 platelets/μL (>400 X 10E9/L) can be used as a guideline; • Thrombocytosis is usually secondary to some other condition (reactive thrombocytosis) and is not associated with an increased risk of thrombosis or other complications. Carefully palpate for lymphadenopathy or a palpable spleen. Chapter 6 Quantitative Genetics 数量 ( 性状 ) 遗传 - . The platelet dysfunction arises by diverse mechanisms, including abnormalities in platelet membrane glycoproteins, granules and their contents, platelet signaling and secretion mechanisms: thromboxane production pathways and in platelet procoagulant activities. contents. Evaluation of Thrombocytopenia (III) Laboratory • CBC: Abnormalities in the white cell count or anemia • Blood smear: Look for schistocytes, blasts, or other immature or abnormal cells. Unformatted text preview: BLEEDING DISORDERS HEMOSTASIS 1.VASCULAR PHASE 2. 10 The normal range (99% of population analyzed) for platelets in healthy Caucasians is 150,000 to 450,000 per cubic millimeter (a mm 3 equals a microliter). – Bernard-Soulier synd, Glanzmann’s thrombastenia – Drug induced (aspirin), myeloproliferative dis – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 7d2712-MDllY Create stunning presentation online in just 3 steps. Manifestations of Thrombocytopenia Mucocutaneous bleeding • Petechiae (pin-point cutaneous hemorrhages) • Cutaneous purpura • Gingival bleeding • Epistaxis (nosebleeds) • Menorrhagia • Gastrointestinal bleeding hematuria • Intracranial hemorrhage is the most serious complication but is uncommon. outline. 1. 98, 兒童青少年精神疾病 - . Petechiae are small, 2- to 5-mm mm, red or purple macules (spots) that appear most often in the distal lower extremities ( Figure 14-1A) but also on the conjunctiva and palate. • A patient in the intensive care unit could have many possible causes of thrombocytopenia, such as medications (including heparin), sepsis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. • The history should exclude other possible causes of thrombocytopenia (drugs, HIV or other infections, autoimmune disorders) • The physical examination in ITP should be unremarkable • The presence of lymphadenopathy or more than mild splenomegaly suggests an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder • The blood smear should confirm thrombocytopenia, Diagnosis of Chronic ITP (II) • There should be no evidence of other hematologic diseases such as acute leukemia, CLL, myelodysplasia, or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura • If there is no other cause for thrombocytopenia detected by history, physical, CBC, and blood smear, then the patient probably has ITP and should be treated as such • In most cases, no further diagnostic tests are necessary • A bone marrow examination should be considered in older patients (over ~60 years) or before splenectomy is performed • It should also be performed if there are any abnormalities on CBC or blood smear other than thrombocytopenia • A bone marrow examination is usually not needed in young patients with no evidence of other hematologic diseases, Treatment of Chronic ITP (I) • The goal of therapy in patients with chronic ITP is to prevent serious bleeding, not to normalize the platelet count. Thrombocytosis. Treatment of Thrombocytopenia • Any precipitating cause should be treated appropriately • All possible medications should be discontinued, including heparin, quinine, and other drugs known to be associated with thrombocytopenia • Drugs that might interfere with platelet function (ie, aspirin) should be avoided • If the thrombocytopenia is not severe and there is no evidence of bleeding, the patient may be observed • Corticosteroids or intravenous immunoglobulin may be given for suspected immune thrombocytopenia • If the patient is severely thrombocytopenic and there is evidence of bleeding, platelet transfusions can be given • The decision to treat a patient for thrombocytopenia should depend on the clinical condition of the patient, not the platelet count. • The main side effect of splenectomy is the risk of overwhelming sepsis • Other therapies: Other therapies that are used in refractory patients, or those that relapse after splenectomy, include vincristine, cyclophosphamide, other cytotoxic agents, and danazol. Decrease platelet production 2. Thrombocytopenia may be the first manifestation of HIV and may occur early in the infection. introduction, Inborn Error Of Metabolism - . Environmental Risk Management at Chevron - Printed on recycled paper-actually better, not printed at all. Functional Disorders (Qualitative)Disorders ofplatelets Disorders in the number of platelets 11. These pregnancies also are associated with qualitative changes in platelets. normal sleep diagnosing sleep disorders insomnia hypersomnia, Qualitative Data Analysis - . anatomic abnormalities, quantitative and qualitative platelet defects affecting platelet plug formation (primary hemostasis), and quantitative and qualitative defects of clot propagation (secondary hemostasis). As summarized in Table 14-1, bleeding can occur if the platelet count is too low or if there is a qualitative defect in platelet function. ➪It is wise to anticipate the eventual need for splenectomy in most adult patients and prepare for it by vaccinating patients against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and meningococcus as soon as the diagnosis of ITP is made. holographic overview. Platelet Phase OPlatelet have many functional properties as follows; Actin and myosin molecules, similar to those found in muscle cells, as well as another contractile protein, thrombosthenin Residuals of both the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus Mitochondria and enzymes systems that are capable of forming adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate Enzymes systems that synthesize prostaglandins Fibrin stabilizing factor Growth factor OMechanism of the platelet … • Abnormalities in the receptor result in a failure of platelet plug formation at sites of vascular injury, leading to excessive bleeding and bruising. or 150–450 × 10 9 per liter. Management of Clients with Hematologic Disorders - . basic definitions unipolar mood disorders special topic: depression, Warm up - . Classification Platelets disorders Quantitative Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytosis Qualitative Inherited disorders Acquired disorders Slide 14- THROMBOCYTOPENIA Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count less than 150,000 2.5 percent of the normal population will have a platelet count lower than this. By … • Prolonged in Qualitative platelet disorders. • Primary thrombocythemia, on the other hand, may be associated with thrombosis or bleeding. why is sleep important? PPT. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISORDERS 2. mood disorders. In patients with platelet disorders, bleeding is usually superficial and localized to skin and mucous membranes, a phenomenon known as purpura. Learn platelet disorders with free interactive flashcards. • Thrombocytopenia in a pregnant woman raises a completely different differential, including preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, or gestational thrombocytopenia. Qualitative Research 質性研究 / 定性研究 - 12. qualitative research 質性研究 / 定性研究. Increased platelet sequestration by the spleen, & 4. Measurement. In patients with platelet disorders, bleeding is usually superficial and localized to skin and mucous membranes, a phenomenon known as purpura. talk outline. Evaluation of Thrombocytopenia (I) • Review a blood smear to exclude platelet clumping or other cause of pseudothrombocytopenia. what is sleep? It is a disease in which there is a dysfunction of blood platelets (thrombocytes). Functional disorders of platelets can be inherited (rare) or acquired (common). Thrombocytopenia Splenectomy Attenuates The Effect Of Itp Plasma Infusion On Platelet Count. 2. APPROACH TO DIAGNOSIS Development of a Diagnostic Algorithm Precedents for the development of algorithms to address the diagnosis of children with suspected quantitative and qualitative • Prednisone or equivalent is started at ~1 to 2 mg/kg per day, maintained at that dose for ~3 to 4 weeks, and then slowly tapered over 1 to 4 months. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. nrs 108 majuvy l. sulse rn, msn, ccrn. • Serum chemistries: Liver enzymes should be checked to exclude viral hepatitis. Decreased platelet survival time due to increase destruction and/or consumption 3. Platelet transfusion Fresh frozen plasma Coagulation inhibitor concentrate (ATIII) Classification of platelet disorders Quantitative disorders – Abnormal distribution – Dilution effect Qualitative disorders – Inherited disorders (rare) – Decreased production Aiddid – Increased destruction – Acquired disorders … A quantitative platelet disorder is the most common form of platelet disorders. May result from defects in any of the platelet reactions. quantitative genetics and polygenic traits. Quantitative Disorders • Abnormal distribution • Dilution effect • Decreased production • Increased destruction. Any of these conditions, even those in which platelets are increased, may cause defective formation of hemostatic plugs and bleeding. Disorders of platelet function include several rare congenital disorders [ 1 ], as well as a myriad of common acquired conditions (eg, aspirin use, effects of other drugs, liver disease, uremia). 1914 class of, CHAPTER FIVE - . Qualitative platelet disorders are suggested by a prolonged bleeding time (abnormal platelet function screen) or clinical evidence of bleeding in the setting of a normal platelet count and coagulation studies. His maternal uncle has similar condition.PT 14/14 s, PTT 80/31s, Non-hemophilia bleeding ; Preterm/term infants ; 50 µg/kg every 3 hr ; Bone marrow transplantation 90-270 µg/kg every 4-24 hr ; Hemophilia 2006 12 457-72. An example of a quantitative disorder is congenital thrombocytopenia, which is characterized by a low number of platelets, specific-ally if the platelet count is <150,000/ll (30). Platelet count Symptoms 50-100,000 Prolonged bleeding following trauma ... Qualitative platelet disorders - thrombocytopathy Hereditary Aquired ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Marinov - Anemia and haemorrhagic diatheses 2016 [Eng].ppt [Compatibility Mode] Author: User • Always think about the possibility of HIV infection in any young patient with thrombocytopenia or any person with risk factors for HIV. Classification of Platelet Disorders. • Reactive thrombocytosis is far more common than primary thrombocythemia. Platelet aggregation tests are useful in differentiating various disorders of platelet function. Qualitative Disorders • Inherited disorders (rare) • Acquired disorders – Medications – Chronic renal failure – Cardiopulmonary bypass Inherited qualitative disorders of platelet • Glanzmann thrombasthenia is characterized by severely reduced or absent platelet aggregation in response to multiple physiologic agonists because of qualitative or quantitative abnormalities of platelet glycoprotein IIb (GPIIb; CD 41) and/or 3 (GPIIIa; CD61). congenital anomalies affect 1% to 2% of newborns approximately, 研究論文寫作 Research Paper Writing - . Approximately 50% of patients respond to this treatment. Platelet Signaling Platelet vs. Coagulation Bleeding Mucosal Minimal Typical Gender Male Women Bleeding cuts Minimal Persistent Delayed Bleeding Common Rare Hematomas and Common Rare Hemarthroses Petechiae Rare Common Findings Coagulation Platelet N.B. Inherited disorders of platelet function are characterized by highly variable mucocutaneous bleeding manifestations. Patients with chronic ITP may tolerate astonishingly low platelet counts with no or minimal bleeding, and the side effects from therapy may be more problemmatic than the low platelet count itself. carman neustaedter. platelet disorders.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. mohammed el-khateeb mgl-9 july 6 th 2014. genetic diseases. PLATELET PHASE 3. Platelet Function in Cardiothoracic Surgery - . Chronic Idiopathic Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Chronic ITP is most common in adults • The onset is usually insidious • There is no history of preceding infection • It occurs more often in women than in men (~3:1), and most cases occur in young adults (~70% below age 40 years) • The course tends to be fluctuating, with episodes of thrombocytopenia lasting a few weeks or months • Multiple recurrences are common, and spontaneous long-term remissions are rare, Diagnosis of Chronic ITP (I) • Idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura is largely a diagnosis of exclusion • The diagnosis of ITP is based predominantly on history, physical examination, CBC, and blood smear. Platelet concentration is measured either manually using a hemocytometer, or by placing blood in an automated platelet analyzer using electrical impedance, such as a Coulter counter. • Approximately 65% of patients have a complete response, and an additional 15% have a partial response. 130×10 9 /l, to ensure that the patient does have mild thrombocytopenia. these patients have incompletely characterized platelet disorders, but the numbers suggest that platelet disorders are more common than previously appreciated. Platelet disorders Platelet disorders are classified into quantitative and qualitative disorders. single gene disorders caused, Sleep and sleep disorders - . Qualitative and Quantitative Platelet Disorders Jeffrey S. Jhang, M.D. Platelet disorders include. management, Diet Plan for ITP (Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura) Patients - Carrot and beetroot juice is highly effective to, idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, Artifactual thrombocytopenia (pseudothrombocytopenia), Idiopathic Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Chronic Idiopathic Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Inherited qualitative disorders of platelet, Acquired qualitative disorders of platelet, Systemic Disorders Associated with Abnormal Platelet. Thrombocytosis • Thrombocytosis is defined as a platelet count exceeding the upper limit of the reference range. • Abnormalities in the receptor result in a failure of platelet … what do you want to know about psychological, BONE AND JOINT CONGENITAL DISORDERS WRIST DISORDERS - . Quantitative Disorders of Platelets. andy montgomery. The duration of illness varies from a few days to 6 months, with an average of 4 to 6 weeks • No treatment is required in most cases, and recurrence is unusual. There is a decreased number of platelets (thrombocytopenia) but increased percentage (megathrombocytes) with a high tendency of bleeding. Could be due to: i) Decreased production in bone marrow ii) Increased sequestration in the spleen iii) Accelerated destruction Thrombocytopathy: Qualitative platelet disorders. Causes of Thrombocytosis • Infection • Inflammation • Malignancy (myeloproliferative disorders, non-hematologic malignancies) • Post-splenectomy (thrombocytosis is common during the first weeks or months following splenectomy) • Iron deficiency • Miscellaneous (acute hemorrhage or trauma, surgery, acute hemolysis, and transiently after an episode of thrombocytopenia-rebound thrombocytosis), Treatment of Thrombocytosis • Reactive thrombocytosis is not associated with increased risk of either thrombosis or hemorrhage, and treatment of the thrombocytosis per se is unnecessary • The underlying cause of thrombocytosis should be identified and treated appropriately, Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count below the reference range for a particular laboratory; <150,000/μL can be used as a rough guide • The consequence of thrombocytopenia is risk of hemorrhage. There are many causes. Case 5 19 yr old male complains of repeated attacks of large joint painful swelling especially in his knees for several years, with limitation of movement of the l knee joint. overview. dr. aric storck november 7, 2002. objectives. Liver disorders ; Cardiac surgery ; Qualitative platelet disorders ; 90 µg/kg ; Trauma 50-100 µg/kg ; Hemophilia 2006 12 457-72. Get powerful tools for managing your contents. review diagnosis and, SLEEP DISORDERS - . Treatment of Chronic ITP (IV) • Rituximab is another second-line treatment to be considered after failure of initial glucocorticoid treatment, and has at least short-term effectiveness in about 40 percent of patients with ITP • Combination with dexamethasone is also possible • Rituximab has also been documented to be effective in both adults and children who have failed to respond to splenectomy • Dose: four weekly intravenous injections of rituximab (375 mg/m2 per dose) • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is the most critical long-term adverse effect of Rituximab, Treatment of Chronic ITP (V) • Thrombopoiesis-stimulating agents (TPO mimetics, thrombopoietin receptor agonists) are approved by the United States FDA for use in ITP in adults "with insufficient response to corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, or splenectomy", and have been advocated for second-line treatment of ITP • The use of thrombopoiesis-stimulating agents as second-line treatment is not recommended until other treatments to achieve a durable remission have failed • Thrombopoiesis-stimulating agents are expensive, only support an increased platelet count as long as they are continued, do not induce a remission, and their long-term side effects are not fully known • European medicines evaluation agency (EMA), which has approved these agents for "splenectomized adults who are refractory to other treatments.". Quantitative and qualitative platelet disorders. how do they work? Differentiation also must be made between inherited and acquired disorders. Platelet Morphology Bernard-Soulier Gray Platelet Syndrome • To screen for inherited platelet dysfunction (e.g. Quantitative platelet disorder: A decrease in the number of normally functioning platelets. Glanzmann thrombasthenia, is enabling us to learn much about the pathophysiology of integrins and of how alphaIIb beta3 functions. Crush It! • Bone marrow: A bone marrow examination is probably not necessary in the absence of other hematologic abnormalities, but one should be performed if other hematologic abnormalities are present. Qualitative disorders of platelet function and production form a large group of rare diseases which cover a multitude of genetic defects that by and large have as a common symptom, excessive mucocutaneous bleeding. Idiopathic Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Acute Idiopathic Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Acute ITP usually occurs in children between 2 and 6 years of age • Sudden onset of petechiae, often beginning a few weeks after a viral infection (may also follow vaccinations) • The thrombocytopenia can be severe, but bleeding manifestations are usually mild • Spontaneous recovery occurs in up to 90% of cases. ➪ Deep visceral hematomas, hemarthroses, or muscle hematomas are uncommon with thrombocytopenia and suggest a defect in the coagulation cascade. mood disorders. overview. questions for discussion. 26 Indications (off-label) Pediatric. Platelet disorders 1. hematologic disorders. 尚惠芳 教授兼系主任 義守大學應用英語學系. research design qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches third. : Why Now Is the Time to Cash in on Your Passion, American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.s. 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Neurological Disorders - . • The platelet count usually begins to rise within 1 week and reaches a maximum by 2 to 4 weeks • Approximately 65 to 85% of patients respond to corticosteroids, Treatment of Chronic ITP (II) • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): The mechanism of action is probably blockade of the reticuloendothelial system, preventing phagocytosis of platelets • The dose is 0.5 to 1 g/kg daily for 2 or 3 days, repeated every 10 to 21 days as needed • The platelet count usually begins to rise within 2 to 4 days • Intravenous immunoglobulin is well tolerated but very expensive • Anti-Rho (D) antibody (WinRho SDF): WinRho SDF is a polyclonal antibody preparation against the Rho (D) red cell antigen, which may be useful in Rho (D)-positive patients (~85% of the population). 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