1. Other material, such as polysaccharide (long chains of sugar molecules that make up the cell wall of certain bacteria) are less effective antigens, and the immune response may not provide as good protection. Briefly describe how the body recognizes an antigen as foreign. Specific epitope should fit with the specific site […] A. Antibodies (immunoglobins) are Y-shaped proteins produced by B cells of the immune system in response to exposure to antigens. ANTIGENDr. Antigens found in different species that trigger a similar antibody respon A) autoantigens B) alloantigens Cheterophile antigens D)haptens 5. Antigens are a type of protein on red blood cells. ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about the characteristics of epitopes. Intro Antigens are microscopic living beings. N.RAJKUMAR, MD.MICROBIOLOGY, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY, DSMCH 2. Antibody Specificity Most of the data concerning this topic was generated in studies of the immune response to closely related haptens. The can cause sickness, List 3 characteristics an antigen must have to be immunogenic. A single antigen possesses smaller epitopes, each capable of inducing a specific adaptive immune response. An antibody that is specific for an antigen binds non-covalently to a region of the mole­cule surface known as epitope. Antigen 1. ADVERTISEMENTS: Thus all antibodies are immunoglobulin’s but all immunoglobulin’s are not antibodies. For that reason, the “good fit” between an antigenic determinant and an antibody combining site determines the stability of the antigen-antibody reaction. Naturally occurring epitopes are relatively small (either amino-acids or sugar residues). An antigen’s ability to stimulate an immune response depends on several factors, including its molecular class, molecular complexity, and size. “When antigens come into contact with substances that are unfamiliar to your body, such as certain bacteria, they trigger a … ANTIGEN Molecules that can be recognized by Immunoglobulin receptors of B cells or T cell receptors (when complexed with MHC) are called as ANTIGENS 5. All of the following are characteristics of a good antigen EXCEPT: A) protein in nature B) large molecule C) foreign to host Drepeating polymer 6. 12/14/2012 3 4. ADVERTISEMENTS: Antibodies: Characteristics and Functions of Immunoglobulin’s (Igs) or Antibodies! proteins, such as hepatitis B surface antigen, are easily recognized by the immune system. Each antibody contains a paratope which recognizes a specific epitope on an antigen, acting like a lock and key binding mechanism. Antigens: Bad or Good Good and Hepful Good antigens consist of bacteria that helps you digest food, yeast that makes bread rise, bacteria that curdles milk into butter, cream, cheeses and other tasty treats. Compare B-cell receptors and T-cell receptors in terms of how they recognize epitopes. Each antigen has distinct surface features, or epitopes, resulting in specific responses. Immunity Self vs. nonself Protection from Antigens, also called immunogens, are molecules that activate adaptive immunity. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. A superantigen causes from 2 percent to 20 percent of T-cells to produce a response. 2. 12/14/2012 2 3. Based on the type of antigen, your blood will be categorized as Type A, Type B, Type AB, or Type O. In terms of infectious diseases, list 2 categories of microbial materials that may act as an antigen. A normal antigen causes from 0.001 percent to 0.0001 percent of T-cells to produce an immune response. Define epitope. Definition: Antibodies are immunoglobulin’s (Igs) which are produced in the body in response to the antigen or foreign bodies.

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