Its potential benefits include higher productivity and incomes, climate change adaptation and reduced susceptibility to erratic rainfall distribution, as well as reduced greenhouse gas emissions (Kassam et al. Intermittent rain showers occur towards the end of April and until the arrival of the monsoonal rains at the end of May. 1.1 2012a, b; ENBW 2011). Pansak et al. 2008). pp 87–98. The spacing between riser dikes varies with the natural slope. Soil conservation is an interdisciplinary subject, and requires an understanding of geomorphological processes, agricultural systems and the organizational structure of a given society (Morgan 2005). 2011). Maize grain yields (Mg ha−1) for the period 2003–2005 at Ban Bo Muang Noi, Thailand, as affected by fertilizer application (a: unfertilized, b: fertilized) and soil conservation technology; (c) Maize grain yields (Mg ha−1) as affected by SCT in 2009 and 2010 in Chieng Khoi, Vietnam (Note: MT refers to minimum tillage). In Asia, farming systems have undergone significant changes in the recent past.1 Increased population pressure, improved infrastructure, migration and ‘market forces’ have contributed to this development, resulting in widespread and accelerated land degradation (Pingali and Shah 2001; Valentin et al. As shown in Sect. Being a post-socialist country, Vietnam has a long tradition of collective decision-making, and this is particularly true in rural areas, especially regarding land use. Acta Hortic 703:79–88, International Society of Soil Science (ISSS) (1996) Terminology for soil erosion and conservation. As a result, we based our plot-level model on the households that were aware of agroforestry as an SCT only (see Technical Note 2 at the end of this chapter). In this way, they differ from "projected" accounts, often referred to as enterprise budgets,reported by most land grant universities to assist in farm planning. Vu Dinh T, Hilger T, Shiraishi E, Vien TD, Cadisch G (2012a) Maize cropping on steep slopes – the potential of soil cover in mitigating erosion: experiences from NW Vietnam. However few of the projects have succeeded in combining technical efficiency with low cost and acceptability to the local farmers or agropastoralists. A dataset, encompassing a 3 year period, originating from field experiments in Loei province, was employed in this case, with results indicating that the model was able to effectively predict soil loss and run-off levels (R2 = 0.80 and 0.82 respectively) at the tested sites. Combining temporal barriers; for example, a natural vegetation strip, together with minimum tillage and relay cropping (legume) could be a viable alternative to the well-known and commonly used contour hedgerow systems. GPS technology has been used in the development of autopilot sprayers and tractors that do not require any driver. Conserv Soc 2(1):75–95, Steinbronn S (2009) A case study: fish production in the integrated farming system of the Black Thai in Yen Chau district (Son La province) in mountainous North-western Vietnam: current state and potential. 1. 1997; Pender and Fafchamps 2001). 2012). Dissertation, University of Hohenheim, Germany, Ritzema H, Froebrich J, Raju R, Sreenivas C, Kselik R (2010) Using participatory modelling to compensate for data scarcity in environmental planning: a case study from India. Blackwell, Oxford, UK, pp 353–369, Turkelboom F, Poesen J, Trébuil G (2008) The multiple land degradation effects caused by land use intensification in tropical steeplands: a catchment study from northern Thailand. They are composed of six unions representing women, farmers, veterans, the elderly, young people and the ‘fatherland front’. The results of the study in north-east Thailand were published by Pansak et al. Not easy to cultivate between tree lines, micro catchment (short slope catchment) technique, Earth bunds on contour spaced at 5-10 metres apart with furrow upslope and cross-ties, For tree planting on a large scale especially when mechanised, Semi-circular shaped earth bunds with tips on contour. This section was written by Mattiga Panomtaranichagul and Thomas Hilger. Determinants of awareness and practice of agroforestry techniques for soil conservation purposes in Yen Chau district, north-west Vietnam (household-level model; probit with sample selection estimates), Coefficient estimates: \( \Pr({y_{2i }} = 1) \) and \( \Pr\left( {\left. Where the streams fan out, these fields are called "Akchin". Soil loss, however, does not only mean the translocation of soil particles, it also severely affects the availability of plant nutrients and water storage capability, with consequences for both crop yields (Schmitter et al. Such technology is important in agriculture in that it promotes better and more efficient farming practices. An illustrative example is given by a qualitative case study conducted in one of the Hmong sample villages by social scientists. In the case of Ban Bo Muang Noi, maize was harvested at the beginning of October in 2003, 2004 and 2005. The eight techniques presented and explained in the manual are not the only water harvesting systems known but they do represent the major range of techniques for different situations and productive uses. Even if being a full-time farmer isn't for you, running a small farm is a … These technologies compete for land and labor resources with the main cropping activities, in particular highly profitable commercial maize cultivation, incurring high opportunity costs. In: International symposium on sustainable land use and rural development in mountainous regions of Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, 21–23 July 2010. The IWAM approach consists of three pillars: (1) contour furrow cultivation, (2) mulching, and (3) multiple cropping. It draws heavily on Saint-Macary et al. A workshop conducted in Yen Chau in September 2011 confirmed that province and district officials, agricultural extension officers and local farmers are well aware that the ongoing rate of soil erosion will lead to a degradation of most soils within less than 20 years, and there was agreement among all groups at the workshop that there is a need to expand animal husbandry in the area, especially cattle rearing. This is necessary because the … Land preparation types, and techniques in agriculture. 7.2 a wide range of SCT are available, entailing varying resource requirements, initial investments, maintenance costs and benefits. The Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development would like to report on an outbreak of avian influenza (AI) on a commercial farm in Ekurhuleni, Gauteng. Peaks of run-off and soil loss mainly coincided with strong rainfall events.

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